STAY UPDATED & CONCLUSION

STAY UPDATED

As technologies develop, performance improvements, security improvements and

other updates may be provided. Make sure your car stays up to date with any

software updates for your vehicle. Contact your dealer for more information.

CONCLUSION

As vehicles become more connected, it will be important to keep up with new

technologies and understand how your information is collected and shared.

For more information about the technology in your car, contact your local dealer and

review your vehicle’s owner’s manual. For privacy information about new technologies

of any sort, see fpf.org.

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AUTOMOTIVE PRIVACY PRINCIPLES

AUTOMOTIVE PRIVACY PRINCIPLES

Automakers are already responsible and trusted stewards

of vehicle data. Nearly all automakers have committed to

ensuring that your information remains private and secure

by developing the Automotive Privacy Principles, which

guide privacy practices in the automotive industry. These

principles went into effect beginning with model year

2017 vehicles and for subscription services beginning on

January 2, 2016.

The Privacy Principles affirm three important commitments:

Transparency – manufacturers will provide you with

clear and concise privacy policies.

Affirmative Consent For Sensitive Data – your consent

is required before certain sensitive information is used

for marketing or shared with unaffiliated third parties

for their own use. This includes three types of data: (1)

”geolocation” (where you are); (2) “biometric” (physical

or health information about you or your passengers),

and (3) driver behavior data.

Limited sharing with government and law enforcement –

automakers will clearly state the limited circumstances

where they may share your information with

government authorities and law enforcement

.

To learn more about the automobile privacy principles, go

to: AutomotivePrivacy.com

Keep in mind that these commitments regarding data

collection and use by automobile manufacturers may not

extend to other third parties that may access data in your

car (through your phone, an “app,” “dongle,” or other invehicle

device).

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New Technologies

New Technologies

Other newer technologies may be included or available as an option in your next car.

■■Location Information – The location of your vehicle and your destination may

be collected by your navigation and related systems in order to route you to

your destination.

■■External Information – Modern vehicles may contain cameras and sensors that

are used to gather information about your car’s immediate surroundings. These

sensors can detect road or weather conditions, lane markings and obstacles,

surrounding traffic, and more. Key technologies that rely on this external

environmental information include blind spot detection, lane-departure warnings,

assisted braking, and rear-parking detection.

■■In-Cabin Information – Many of today’s vehicles also contain sensors in the

vehicle cabin. Microphones, cameras, and other devices may record information

about vehicle occupants. These sensors may be required to communicate with

emergency services or to utilize features such as hand-free telephone use.

■■User Recognition – Some systems recognize users by physical characteristics such

as a fingerprint or face, and therefore may have physical, or biometric, information

about users. Biometric information can also be used to determine who is behind

the wheel and adjust systems accordingly. For example, rather than requiring that

you press a seat position button, the seat may adjust automatically after your face

is recognized by a sensor located in the vehicle. These technologies can also track

eye movement to detect a driver’s attention in order to determine if a driver is

falling asleep behind the wheel.

■■Apps – Your vehicle may include interfaces with third-party systems like Apple

CarPlay, Android Auto, or other services. Your vehicle may also allow an interface

between the applications on your phone and your vehicle. Be aware that if you

enable apps provided through these interfaces or use apps on your phone that

interact with your car you may be exposing data from your car to those third party

app providers. These providers have their own policies about what information

they gather and what they do with that information. Consult their privacy policies

for further information.

■■Other – Vehicle manufacturers and their technology partners are constantly

updating and improving your automobile. The sensors, features, and data

gathered today are likely to be much different tomorrow. Make sure you work

with your dealer to fully understand your car’s features, and the data it gathers to

provide them.

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COMMON TYPES OF COLLECTED DATA

COMMON TYPES OF COLLECTED DATA

An overview of the types of data that may be collected by your vehicle:

Collected by Most Vehicles

Certain technologies are in most vehicles today.

■■Event Data Recorders – EDRs have been integrated into cars since the 1990s,

and are currently installed in over 90% of vehicles. EDRs record technical

information about a vehicle’s operation in the seconds before and after a

crash. This information includes speed, accelerator and brake position, seat

belt usage, and whether the airbags deployed. EDRs are intended to provide

crucial information to crash investigators and others. Accessing EDR information

requires physical access to the vehicle as well as a specific EDR reader tool,

in addition to meeting any consent requirements for a given state. If equipped

with an EDR, a vehicle’s systems must meet certain federal requirements, and

additional laws governing ownership of EDR data vary state by state.

■■On-Board Diagnostic Information – All vehicles manufactured after 1996 are

legally required to have an On-Board Diagnostic port, or “OBD-II.” The OBD-II

port is generally located underneath the driver’s side dashboard in your car, and

the information it contains can be retrieved by physically inserting a compatible

device into the port. This port enables access to information that can help

service technicians measure emissions, diagnose performance issues, or repair

your vehicle. Owners may also choose to plug in a third-party device (or “dongle”)

into the OBD-II port in some vehicles to collect or share information about

their vehicle with third parties of their choice (for example, with their insurance

company in order to gain safe driving discounts). Accessible information may

include driver behavioral information (how fast you drive, how aggressively you

apply the brakes, etc.) as well as geolocation data (where you are, where you

have traveled, and your speed).

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RULES OF THE ROAD FOR DATA

RULES OF THE ROAD FOR DATA

Your vehicle may collect and use different types

of information about your driving activity for a

wide range of purposes.

Services that collect andshare this information should be accompanied by

a privacy policy that describes data collection and

use. You may find these policies in your purchase

agreement, your user manual, on the screen when

signing up for services, or in the interface of any

device or app that you connect.

It is important to review and understand the

privacy policies of the company that manufactured

your vehicle, as well as any third party with access

to your vehicle data (through an OBD-II “dongle,”

in-car “app,” or otherwise). These policies serve

as the main legal mechanism regulating use of

your data. You may have the right to “opt-out” or

request that some information not be gathered,

or if gathered, not be shared. However, opting out

may limit the functionality of some of the features

available to you.

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YOUR CAR AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES

YOUR CAR AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES

Today’s vehicles come with a wide array of equipment and features that rely on the

collection and use of data about you and/or your vehicle to support safety, efficient

performance, convenience, and entertainment.

Depending on the make and model, and the options you select, these features may

include technologies like navigation, blind spot detection, automatic emergency

braking, parking assist, lane departure warnings, and many others. These features

also include “infotainment” features, in-car “apps,” telephone and text connectivity,

and even in-vehicle internet connectivity.

Many of these features depend on collecting certain data about you, your vehicle,

and your driving habits in order to perform effectively. Some of this data may be

collected automatically, and some you may choose to provide in order to enable

certain functions. For example, in order for you to benefit from navigation and traffic

services, the location of your vehicle is generally needed.

 Similarly, to enable easy

hands-free dialing, you may choose to sync your phone address book to the vehicle.

Franchised new-car dealers work hard to ensure that their customers fully understand

not only the features of their new vehicles, but also the types of personal data that

may be gathered or stored by or through their vehicles. Dealers are working with

automobile manufacturers to ensure that consumers understand what information

their vehicles collect, and how they can responsibly control that information. The

list of features, and the data they utilize is changing rapidly. Check back with your

manufacturer often, and for more information about many of the newer vehicle safety

features visit mycardoeswhat.org.

This guide explains the kinds of information that may be collected by or through

your car, the guidelines around how it is collected and used, and the options you

may have. This guide provides a general overview; please consult your dealer and/or

vehicle manufacturer for the full list of features and privacy policies integrated into

your particular vehicle.

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Inside Your Computer and INTERNAL COMPONENTS

Inside Your Computer

   

INTERNAL COMPONENTS

    

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Introduction to the motherboard

Introduction to the motherboard

You may choose to click on the images to the right and explore what amotherboard looks like in more detail, but our primary emphasis is just what it does. Besides, motherboards do not all look alike. (Compare to image below.) It's a bit like lifting the hood on your car. You don't have to be a mechanic to know where to add windshield washer fluid. One of my goals is simply to take the mystery out of all that "stuff". It would be useful to open an old desktop PC just to actually see the parts. While I don't recommend this with a laptop or hand-held device, the concepts are pretty much the same. That goes for servers, mainframes and supercomputers, as well.  We will talk about a few things you might do yourself to upgrade your computer in the last section of this module. Simply looking inside your computer can tell you if you have an open bay to add another hard disk and if you can add memory (or have to replace it).  A motherboard is an electronic circuit board in a computer which interconnects hardware devices attached to it — which is to say, all of the system hardware. At a minimum it includes one or more Central Processing Units (CPU), and the main processing activity of the computer takes place on it. However, other connected printed circuit boards may contain their own pre-processing or post-processing CPUs, to take some of the load off of the motherboard; these, together with other plug-in boards without CPUs, may be called "daughter boards". It was called a "mother" board in relation to these. A PC motherboard generally has a series of slots, allowing daughter boards to be plugged in directly. Other connectors on the motherboard allow communication through cables with various peripheral devices, both inside and outside the computer case.

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PARTS OF THE COMPUTER Basic Components

PARTS OF THE COMPUTER

Basic Components

1.Case or Tower - This is the plastic box that contains the computer. Housed in the case, you will find the floppy drive, CD ROM drive, and the main components of the computer. Some of these are the hard drive, motherboard and the processor chip (CPU). The case keeps them neatly and safely together.

2. Monitor or Screen - This is the TV-type screen on which you see the work you’re doing on your computer.

3. Mouse - The mouse allows you to move, select and click on objects.

4. Keyboard - The keyboard is used to type in information and operate the computer.

5.Speakers - Sometimes speakers are connected to the computer so that you can hear music and sound.

6.Microphone - A microphone can provide a way to talk through or to the computer.

7. Printer - A device that makes a printed copy of your work on a sheet of paper.

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10 tips to be a millionaire before 30

Becoming a millionaire is a taboo subject. To say that this can be achieved at 30 seems more like a fantasy. It should not be like that, since this is possible. When I was 21, I left school in bankruptcy and by the age of 30 I was a millionaire.I share 10 steps that will make you rich:1. Follow the money. In the economic environment of today you can not obtain the status of a millionaire. The first step is to focus on increasing your income in increments and repeating that. My income was $ 3,000 per month and nine years later it was $ 20,000 per month. Start to follow the money and that will force you to control your income and see opportunities.2. Do not presume, introduce yourself to work. I did not buy my first luxury watch or car until my business and investments were producing multiple safe income streams. I still drove a Toyota Camry when I became a millionaire.Be recognized for your work ethic, not for the things you buy.3. Save to invest, do not save to save. The only reason to save money is to later invest it. Put it in a safe and untouchable account. Never use these accounts, even for an emergency. This will force you to follow step number one (follow the money).Nowadays, at least twice a year, I am bankrupt because I always invest my surpluses in companies that I can not enter.4. Avoid debts that do not pay you. I borrowed money for a car only because I knew I could increase my income. Rich people use debt to take advantage of investments and grow their cash flows. Poor people use debt to buy things that make the rich richer.5. Treat money like a jealous lover. Millions of people want economic freedom, but only those who make it a priority have millions. To be rich and continue like this you have to make it your priority. If you ignore it, it will ignore you or worse, it will leave you for someone who does take it as a priority.6. Money does not sleep. The money does not know the clocks, schedules or vacations and you should not either. Money loves people who have a work ethic.When I was 26 years old I was in retail and the store where I worked closed at 7 p.m. Many times you could find me there at 11 p.m. selling something else. Never try to be the smartest or the luckiest person, just make sure you work more than others.7. Being poor does not make sense. I have been poor and stinks. He had enough and that also stunk. Eliminate all ideas that being poor is somehow fine. Bill Gates said "If you're born poor, it's not your mistake. But if you die poor, it's your fault. "8. Find a millionaire mentor. Most of us grew up in a middle or poor class and limited ourselves to the ideas of a group. I have studied the millionaires to duplicate what they did. Find your personal mentor and study it. Most rich people are very generous with their knowledge and resources.9. Make your money lift heavy things. Investing is the Holy Grail to become a millionaire and you should make more money from your investments than from your work. If you do not have extra money you will not make investments.The second company that I started required an investment of 50 thousand dollars. That company has given me back that same amount every month for the last ten years.My third investment was in real estate, where I started with 350 thousand, a large part of what I had at that time. I still own that property and it continues to give me income. Investing is the only reason to do the other steps and your money should work for you and lift the heavy stuff.10. It aims to have 10 million, not 1 million. The biggest financial mistake I made was not thinking big. There is no shortage of money on this planet, only a shortage of people who do not think big.Apply these 10 steps and you will become a millionaire. Put aside the people who say that your financial dreams are greed. Avoid the schemes of getting rich quick, be ethical, never give up and once you get it, help others to get there too.

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INTRODUCTION Computer Terminology

Computer Terminology

1.Application - a program in which you do your work.

2.Bit - the smallest piece of information used by the computer. In computer language, it is either a one (1) or a zero (0).

3.Backup - a copy of a file or disk you make for archiving purposes.

4.Boot - to start up a computer.

5.Bug - a programming error that causes a program to behave in an unexpected way.

6.Byte - a piece of computer information made up of eight bits.

7.Card or Expansion Card – a printed circuit board that adds some feature to a computer.

8.CD-ROM - an acronym for Compact Disc Read-Only Memory.

9.Control panel - a program that allows you to change settings in a program or change the way a computer looks and/or behaves.

10.CPU – Central Processing Unit. The processing chip that is the “brain” of a computer.

11.Crash - a system malfunction in which the computer stops working and has to be restarted.

12.Cursor - The pointer, usually an arrow or cross-shaped, controlled by the mouse.

13.Desktop - The shaded or colored backdrop of the screen.

14.Dialog box - an on-screen message box that appears when additional information is required before completing a command.

15.Disk - a spinning platter made of magnetic or optically etched material on which data can be stored.

16.Disk Drive - the machinery that reads the data from a disk and/or writes data to a disk.

17.Document - a file you create, as opposed to the application that created it.

18.Download - to transfer data from one computer to another. (If you are on the receiving end, you are downloading. If you are on the sending end, you are uploading).

19.Driver - a program on a computer that tells it how to communicate with an add-on piece of equipment (like a printer).

20.Expansion slot - a connector inside the computer that allows one to plug in a printed circuit board that provides new or enhanced features.

21.File - the generic word for an application, document, control panel, or other computer data.

22.Floppy Disk - a 3.5-inch square rigid disk that holds data. (Named for the earlier disks that were flexible).

23.Gigabyte (GB) - 1024 megabytes.

24.Hard Drive - a large capacity storage device made of multiple disks housed in a rigid case.

25.Icon - a graphic symbol for an application, file or folder.

26.Kilobyte (K) - 1024 bytes.

27.Launch - start an application.

28.Megabyte (MB) - 1024 kilobytes.

29.Memory - the temporary holding area where data is stored while it is being used or changed; the amount of RAM a computer has installed.

30.Menu - a list of program commands listed by topic.

31.Menu Bar - the horizontal bar across the top of the

 screen that lists the menus.

32.Operating System - the system software that controls the computer.

33.PC - acronym for personal computer.

34.RAM - acronym for Random-Access Memory.

35.Save - to write a file onto a disk.

36.Save as - (a File menu item) to save a previously saved file in a new location and/or with a new name.

37.Scroll bar - a bar at the bottom or right side of a window that contains the scroll box and allows scrolling.

38.Server - a central computer dedicated to sending and receiving data from other computers (on a network).

39.Shut Down - the command from the Special menu that shuts down the computer safely.

40.Software - files on disk that contain instructions for a computer.

41.Upload - to send a file from one computer to another through a network.

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